Football glossary

A match stopped before completion. Its officially recorded result may differ from the score when play stopped.

Time added at the end of a half to allow for substitutions, injuries and other stoppages.

Taking part as a starter or substitute. Remaining on the bench does not count as an appearance.

The date range included in a statistic. It need not cover the club’s entire history.

The final pass credited with setting up a goal. Detailed attribution rules can vary by provider.

An attack after regaining possession before the opposition defence is set. Not every quick passing move qualifies.

A goal included in an awarded score but not attributable to a player’s shot. It can count in team totals without an invented scorer or shot type.

The officially awarded result, which may differ from the score on the pitch.

The side listed as the visiting team in the fixture.

Matches in which the visiting side fails to score, including 0–0 draws, as a share of all matches.

Away failures to score / matches × 100

Away victories as a share of all league matches.

Away wins / matches × 100

A chance the provider classifies as one a player should reasonably be expected to score. It is not synonymous with every shot or a fixed xG threshold.

A defender stopping an opponent’s shot. Providers can classify goal-line interventions differently.

A game in which both teams score: 2–1 qualifies, while 3–0 does not.

Points transferred into a later stage of a multi-stage season. For seasons such as 2011/12, stages and carried points are identified separately.

Winning a competition. League titles and cup victories are counted separately.

A match in which a team concedes no goals, including a goalless draw.

Clean sheets as a share of matches played.

Clean sheets / matches × 100

Removing the ball from danger without aiming at a specific teammate.

An interval expressing sampling uncertainty around an estimate. A narrower interval does not by itself prove that the method is correct.

Consecutive season titles won by the same club.

A restart from the corner after the ball crosses the goal line without a goal, having last touched a defender.

A summary of how two variables move together. Moving together does not establish that one causes the other.

A result in which both teams finish with the same number of goals.

The percentage of matches drawn.

Draws / matches × 100

A strength rating updated using results and opponent strength. It carries over between seasons and is not the league table.

Expected goals created minus expected goals conceded. It describes the balance of chances, without guaranteeing the result.

xG − xGA

An estimate of the probability that a shot becomes a goal, using information such as distance, angle and shot type.

The sum of the opposition’s shot xG. A lower value means fewer or lower-probability chances conceded.

xGA

Additional periods played after a draw where competition rules require them. These differ from added time.

A centre-forward role that drops deep to draw defenders out and create space for teammates.

The official standings at the end of a season or stage. Having the table does not establish full match dates, line-ups or scorer coverage.

A match with at least five goals in total.

The schedule specifying the order and dates of matches.

The arrangement of players on the pitch. The goalkeeper is omitted from notation such as 4–4–2 or 4–3–3.

An offence punishable by a free kick or penalty.

A restart following an offence. A direct free kick can score directly; an indirect kick requires a further touch by another player.

Commonly used in Turkish to mean goal difference. In All90 tables, AV means goals for minus goals against, rather than one universal historical tiebreak rule.

Goals scored minus goals conceded. This definition is not necessarily the official tiebreak rule for every season.

Goals scored − goals conceded

A team scoring 30 and conceding 20 has a goal difference of +10.

The strike, location or method of scoring. One goal can be a penalty, right-footed and inside the box simultaneously.

A match finishing 0–0.

The total goals scored against a team.

A team’s total goals in recorded match results. This may include goals awarded by an administrative decision.

Goals scored minus xG. Finishing, goalkeeping and chance can all contribute; the difference is not assumed to persist.

goals − xG

Total goals divided by matches played. Club and league calculations use different totals.

Total goals / matches played

25 goals in 10 matches gives 2.5 goals per game.

Recorded goals plus assists. All90 combines only club-season periods with both statistics and identifies any difference in their match coverage.

Three goals by one player in the same match. Shoot-out kicks are not counted as match goals.

A tiebreak approach based on matches between teams level on points. Its place in the procedure depends on that season’s rules; the archive retains the official order.

A goal whose final attacking touch is a header.

An approach that pressures the opposition’s build-up in their own half. Possession or foul counts alone cannot measure it.

The names 1. Lig and Süper Lig have referred to different tiers in different periods. Read a record’s season and competition together.

A midfield role providing balance and linking play in front of the defence. It describes a role rather than a shirt number.

The side listed as the home team in the fixture. The match may be played at a different or neutral venue.

Matches in which the home side fails to score, including 0–0 draws, as a share of all matches.

Home failures to score / matches × 100

Home wins as a share of all league fixtures.

Home wins / matches × 100

Home goals minus away goals, divided by matches played.

(Home goals − away goals) / matches

A goal struck from inside the penalty area. This category can also include penalties.

Cutting out an opponent’s pass by anticipating its path.

The final pass leading to a teammate’s shot that does not score.

A goal scored with the left or right foot. An unknown foot is not inferred.

A result in which a team scores fewer goals than its opponent.

A contest between two teams. All90 counts each fixture once in an overall match total.

The sum of observations divided by their number.

Sum / count

The middle value after sorting observations; with an even count, the mean of the two middle values. It is less sensitive to extremes than the arithmetic mean.

The number of matches required for inclusion in a ranking. The specific threshold is stated alongside each comparison.

Unavailable information, which differs from zero. An unknown goal type does not mean no such goals were scored.

We generate possible match outcomes across many simulated seasons, then calculate title, top-five and relegation probabilities from the results.

The historical name of the national league that began in 1959. The 1959 and 1959/60 editions remain separate.

The numerator is the top number in a fraction and the denominator the bottom number. The denominator defines which matches a rate refers to.

An officially ratified result or placing. All90 distinguishes the recorded result from events on the pitch.

An offence when a player in an offside position becomes actively involved in play. Position alone is not an offence.

A match decided by one goal, such as 1–0, 2–1 or 3–2.

A goal struck from outside the penalty area.

A goal credited to the opposition when a player puts the ball into their own team’s net.

Completed passes as a percentage of all attempted passes.

Completed passes / attempted passes × 100

The larger rectangle in front of goal. Its boundary lines are part of the penalty area.

A kick awarded for an offence punishable by a direct free kick committed by the defending team inside its own penalty area.

Kicks taken after a match when required to decide the winner. Shoot-out goals are not added to the match score.

A statistic scaled to 90 minutes so players with different playing time can be compared.

Statistic / minutes played × 90

The direct difference between two percentages.

40% − 30% = 10 percentage points

A rise from 30% to 40% is 10 percentage points, or a relative increase of about 33.3%.

A value’s relative position within a comparison group. A high percentile is only better when the metric’s direction supports that interpretation.

An additional stage after the regular season, where specified by the competition format.

A points penalty. It can make the official table total differ from points calculated from wins and draws.

Points divided by games played. Historical comparisons explicitly identify when a common three-points-for-a-win scale is used.

points / match

A team’s share of ball possession. Measurement methods can differ between providers.

Progressing to the next stage of a knockout competition. Winning one match does not necessarily mean winning the tie.

A qualifying play-off leads into the main competition; a knockout-phase play-off follows the league phase. European tables distinguish the two.

Several metrics are put on a common scale to compare team profiles. Axis direction explains what outward movement means; polygon area is not an overall quality score.

A club’s position for the selected statistic. Equal values share a rank, with subsequent positions skipped.

1 + clubs with a higher value

If two clubs share first place, the next club ranks third.

The size of one quantity relative to a reference total. Multiply by 100 to express it as a percentage.

A dismissal from the match.

TFF-recognised club totals differ from counting seasons since 1959. Beşiktaş’s two recognised earlier titles are not added to the post-1959 season chart.

The matches or players included in a comparison. A few results can change a percentage substantially in a small sample.

A goalkeeper stopping an attempt that could otherwise score.

Each team or player is placed at the intersection of two metrics. Overlapping crests are displaced and connected to their true position.

We compare opponents’ strength and home/away distribution on one scale for completed or remaining fixtures, excluding the assessed team’s own strength.

One edition of a competition. The 1959 and 1959/60 campaigns are separate seasons.

An attempt to score a goal.

An attempt that scores, is saved by the goalkeeper or is stopped on the line by the last defender.

A team’s percentage of both sides’ total shots. This differs from possession share.

100 × takımın shotsları / iki takımın toplam shotsları

Points calculated with three for a win and one for a draw, before deductions.

The average total points awarded to both sides per fixture on a three-point scale. A decisive game distributes three points; a draw distributes two.

(3 × decisive matches + 2 × draws) / matches

The players on the pitch when a match starts.

A legal challenge that takes the ball from an opponent in possession.

A match with at least three goals between the teams.

A winning margin of at least three goals. A 3–0 result qualifies; 5–4 does not.

Minutes in which a team holds a score lead, measured over regulation 90 minutes rather than effective ball-in-play time.

The share of simulated seasons in which a club wins the title. This is a model estimate, not a certainty or betting price.

The combined values for the selected fixtures or seasons.

The sum of shot xG values. It is neither the actual goal count nor a certain prediction of the result.

Touches of the ball inside the opposition penalty area. Several touches can occur in one attack, so this is not a count of attacking sequences.

Matches won or drawn as a share of matches played.

(Wins + draws) / matches × 100

The video assistant referee helps review clear and obvious errors in specified match-changing decisions, including goals, penalties, dismissals and mistaken identity. The applicable season’s protocol defines what can be reviewed.

A result in which a team scores more than its opponent. Shoot-outs are treated separately.

The percentage of a team’s matches won.

Wins / matches × 100

12 wins in 20 matches: 60%.

Total xG divided by shots, used to compare the average scoring probability of a team’s attempts.

xG / shots

A caution shown to a player.